Summary
It is recommended that this lesson be taught after students learn the basics of genetics concerning alleles, dominant versus recessive genes, basic Punnett squares, and protein synthesis. In this lesson, students apply what they have learned about genetics to a real-world scenario, centering on codominance as an exception to the rules of heredity. This lesson focuses on the process it takes to receive an organ donation and how to appropriately determine and match blood types. This is a multimodality lesson, which means it includes face-to-face, online, and hybrid versions of the lesson. The attachments also include a downloadable Common Cartridge file, which can be imported into a Learning Management System (LMS) such as Canvas or eKadence. The cartridge includes interactive student activities and teacher's notes.
Essential Question(s)
What are the benefits and risks of organ donation? How does one determine if two people are a match?
Snapshot
Engage
Students reflect on what they already know about organ donations. Students watch a video about an organ recipient and their donor.
Explore
Students analyze truths and myths about being an organ donor.
Explain
Students watch a video on how to determine or predict an individual’s blood type, then explore Punnett squares in an interactive blood typing game.
Extend
Students watch an ICAP video in which a panel of individuals from LifeShare, an Oklahoma transplant center team, discuss their careers. Students work together using the S-I-T strategy to summarize the video.
Evaluate
Students explore data of organ donations and create a flyer that shows what they’ve learned.
Instructional Formats
The term "Multimodality" refers to the ability of a lesson to be offered in more than one modality (i.e. face-to-face, online, blended). This lesson has been designed to be offered in multiple formats, while still meeting the same standards and learning objectives. Though fundamentally the same lesson, you will notice that the different modalities may require the lesson to be approached differently. Select the modality that you are interested in to be taken to the section of the course designed for that form of instruction.
Materials
Common Cartridge (attached)
Justified True or False Handout (attached; 1 per student)
The Blood Connection Questionnaire Slides (attached; 1 per student)
Organ Donation Flyer Instructions and Rubric (attached; 1 per student)
A Match Made in DNA Questionnaire (Online) (attached; 1 per student)
Internet-enabled student devices
Engage
30 Minute(s)
Introduce the lesson by having students review the essential question: What are the benefits and risks to organ donations? How does one determine if two people are a match? In your learning management systems (LMS), create a discussion board and invite students to participate using the Preflections strategy. Instruct students to write a paragraph on everything they know about organ donations. Have students then respond to two of their classmates' posted paragraphs.
Next, create a quiz for students in your LMS. In the quiz, invite students to watch the video "My Little Kidney." Have students pause at the 4:17 mark to answer the following open-ended quiz question:
What traits do you think the donor should have that would make them a match?
Students should then finish the video and answer a second open-ended question:
After viewing the video, was your initial hypothesis about the donor correct? How do you know? What is the term for the physical characteristics you listed called?
Inform students to pause the video at the 4:17 mark and answer the open-ended question 1 in your LMS quiz:
What traits do you think the donor should have that would make them a match?
Resume the YouTube video. Once the video is over, have students answer open-ended question 2 in the quiz:
After viewing the video, was your initial hypothesis about donor traits correct? How do you know? What is the term for the physical characteristics you listed?
Explore
30 Minute(s)
Invite learners to participate in the Justified True or False strategy using your LMS’s discussion board format. In the discussion board, provide students with the statements in the Justified True or False handout. Have students choose which statements they believe are true by selecting them with the "like" function (or an equivalent).
Next, in an online quiz format, have students answer the following questions:
Give your justification for one of the statements that you believed was true and one that you believed was false.
Review the correct answers to the statements from the true or false statements at LifeShare’s Student Quiz website. What myths discussed in the Justified True or False activity do you believe affected most people’s decisions? Did you hear any of the myths discussed in others’ responses?
Ask at least five individuals with driver’s licenses to answer the following questions: "Do you know your blood type? Why or why not?"
Out of the five people you asked, how many know their blood type? Give a summary of why it is or is not important for them to know.
Out of the five individuals, how many of their driver's licenses show them as registered organ donors?
Give a summary as to why or why not.
Based on how your peers voted in the discussion board and the comments from your friends or family, how do other people seem to view organ donation overall? Why?
Explain
50 Minute(s)
Introduce students to the video "A Match Made in DNA." As students watch the video, have them answer the "A Match Made in DNA Questionnaire" quiz questions.
Next, invite learners to play The Blood Connection. Distribute the link to the game (https://bit.ly/k20bloodconnection) in your LMS. As students complete the interactive, have students complete the activities on the uploaded or linked The Blood Connection Questionnaire Slides.
Extend
40 Minute(s)
The following activity adds a career exploration element to this lesson. This way, students can discover different types of organ transplants, eligibility requirements for transplants, and how they can help spread the word about organ donations.
In your LMS, share the following with students:
Today, we will learn about the professionals who assist with organ donations on a daily basis. We will meet LifeShare, Oklahoma's Transplant Center Team. As you watch the next video, consider the number of individuals it takes to make an organ transplant happen, the variety of jobs involved in the transplant process, the different types of donations, and how donors and recipients are chosen.
Invite students to watch the video "K20 ICAP - LifeShare of Oklahoma." Additionally, instruct students to use the S-I-T (Surprising, Interesting, Troubling) strategy as they watch. In doing so, students should create a discussion post that includes the following:
One surprising fact or idea from the video
One interesting fact or idea from the video
One troubling fact or idea from the video
Direct students to choose one of the three points made by a peer and give additional input to that fact or idea from the video. Students may respond through text or with an image.
Evaluate
60 Minute(s)
Distribute the Organ Donation Flyer Instructions and Rubric in your LMS. Have students complete their Preflections by researching information on organ donation and creating a social media flyer to share with others through a Twitter, Instagram, or Facebook post. The flyer should connect data they found with their knowledge of how organ matches are determined. Have students use PosterMyWall to create their flyer.
Once students finish, have them display their flyers in your LMS’s discussion board. Instruct students to do a Gallery Walk of their peers’ flyers.
Resources
ISTE Standards for Students. (2016). International Society for Technology in Education. https://www.iste.org/standards/for-students
K20 Center. (n.d.). EdPuzzle. External Apps Tutorials. https://k20center.ou.edu/externalapps/edpuzzle/
K20 Center. (n.d.). EdPuzzle. Tech Tools. https://learn.k20center.ou.edu/tech-tool/622
K20 Center. (n.d.). Gallery walk. Strategy. https://learn.k20center.ou.edu/strategy/118
K20 Center. (n.d.). Justified true or false. Strategy. https://learn.k20center.ou.edu/strategy/174.
K20 Center. (n.d.). Online discussions. Pedagogy. https://k20center.ou.edu/pedagogy/online-discussions/
K20 Center. (n.d.). Preflections. Strategy. https://learn.k20center.ou.edu/strategy/191
K20 Center. (n.d.). Say something. Strategy. https://learn.k20center.ou.edu/strategy/778
K20 Center. (n.d.). S-I-T (Surprising, Interesting, Troubling). Strategy https://learn.k20center.ou.edu/strategy/926
K20 Center. (2021, June). A Match Made in DNA [video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/vuUsowsM188
K20 Center. (2021, November). My Little Kidney [video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/I--dFKKI9Y0
K20 Center. (2021, November). K20 ICAP - LifeShare of Oklahoma [video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/MGHcyBdDJTk
K20 Center. (n.d.). The gift of life - The blood connection. The K20 Center. https://k20center.ou.edu/h5p/the-gift-of-life/
Lesson Plan #1. (n.d.). LifeShare transplant donor services of Oklahoma. https://www.lifeshareoklahoma.org/educator-resources-lesson-plan-1.html
Organ Donation Statistics. (2021, April). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.organdonor.gov/statistics-stories/statistics.html#glance
Who We Are. (n.d.). LifeShare transplant donor services of Oklahoma. https://www.lifeshareoklahoma.org/
